Something different – 100 seconds to midnight (the very end; music)

Yunnan province. In this hurried world, Where is the dreamland? Life is like a journey - Where the heart is always on the way. Every short stay marks The beginning of the next journey ... In the end, though, while travel is as sunshine and rain for the soul, paradise is not a far away place, but the journey itself; a change of heart, and lies within us all the time ...

GuiLin, in GuangXi province, is famous for the surrounding karst peaks and rivers, but the city itself is also beautiful ...

With Graeme Langford ... Ancient Silk Road Travel Guide Introduction The ancient Silk Road was a network of trade routes connecting the East and West, stretching from China to the Mediterranean Sea. It played a crucial role in cultural, commercial, and technological exchange between civilizations. This guide will help you explore the key destinations along the Silk Road, providing insights into historical sites, cultural experiences, and practical travel information. Key Destinations Xi'an, China (西安) Xi'an, the starting point of the Silk Road, is home to the famous Terracotta Army and the ancient city walls. Don't miss the Big Wild Goose Pagoda and the bustling Muslim Quarter. Dunhuang, China (敦煌) Dunhuang is known for the Mogao Caves, a treasure trove of Buddhist art. The Singing Sand Dunes and Crescent Lake are also must-see attractions. Kashgar, China (喀什) Kashgar is a melting pot of cultures, with its lively Sunday Bazaar and the Id Kah Mosque. The ancient city is a gateway to the western regions of the Silk Road. Bukhara, Uzbekistan (布哈拉) Bukhara is a UNESCO World Heritage site with over 140 architectural monuments, including the Ark Fortress, Bolo Haouz Mosque, and Lyab-i Hauz complex. Samarkand, Uzbekistan (撒马尔罕) Samarkand is one of the oldest cities in Central Asia, known for its stunning Registan Square, Shah-i-Zinda necropolis, and Bibi-Khanym Mosque. Merv, Turkmenistan (梅尔夫) Merv was once one of the largest cities in the world. Today, it is an archaeological site with impressive ruins, including the Sultan Sanjar Mausoleum and the Great Kyz Kala fortress. Tehran, Iran (德黑兰) Tehran, the capital of Iran, offers a mix of modernity and tradition. Key sites include the Golestan Palace, National Museum of Iran, and the bustling Grand Bazaar. Antioch, Turkey (安提阿) Antioch, now called Antakya, was an important center of early Christianity. The Hatay Archaeology Museum and St. Peter's Cave Church are highlights. Constantinople, Turkey (君士坦丁堡) Now Istanbul, this city was the terminus of the Silk Road. Visit the Hagia Sophia, Topkapi Palace, and the bustling Grand Bazaar to experience its rich history. Cultural Experiences Traditional Markets: Explore the vibrant markets along the Silk Road, such as the Kashgar Sunday Bazaar and Istanbul's Grand Bazaar, for a taste of local commerce and culture. Silk Weaving: Witness traditional silk weaving techniques in Xi'an, China, and Samarkand, Uzbekistan. These cities have been centers of silk production for centuries. Cuisine: Sample diverse culinary traditions, from Chinese dumplings and Uzbek plov to Persian kebabs and Turkish delights. The Silk Road has left a rich gastronomic legacy. Music and Dance: Enjoy traditional music and dance performances in various Silk Road cities. Each region has its unique cultural expressions, influenced by centuries of exchange. Historical Tours: Take guided tours of ancient ruins, mosques, and palaces to learn about the history and significance of the Silk Road. Knowledgeable guides can provide valuable insights. Practical Travel Information Best Time to Visit: The best time to explore the Silk Road is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is mild and comfortable. Visas and Permits: Ensure you have the necessary visas and permits for each country along the Silk Road. Check with local embassies or consulates for up-to-date requirements. Transportation: Travel options include flights, trains, buses, and private tours. The Silk Road is well-connected, but some remote areas may require special arrangements. Accommodation: Accommodation ranges from luxury hotels to budget hostels and guesthouses. Booking in advance is recommended, especially during peak travel seasons. Health and Safety: Stay informed about health and safety precautions in each region. Carry a basic first-aid kit, stay hydrated, and respect local customs and regulations. Local Currency: Familiarize yourself with the local currencies and exchange rates. Carry some cash, but credit cards are also widely accepted in major cities. Conclusion The ancient Silk Road is a fascinating journey through history, culture, and breathtaking landscapes. From the bustling markets of Xi'an to the majestic ruins of Samarkand, each destination offers unique experiences and insights into the rich heritage of the Silk Road. Use this guide to plan your adventure and explore the wonders of this legendary trade route. Whether you're a history buff, a cultural enthusiast, or an intrepid traveler, the Silk Road promises an unforgettable journey. History of the Silk Road Introduction The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that connected the East and West, facilitating not only commerce but also cultural exchange between civilizations. This guide delves into the history of the Silk Road, focusing on the trade of silk, horses, and tea, the travels of Marco Polo, and how the Silk Road ultimately influenced sea exploration and colonization. Trade on the Silk Road Silk Trade Silk, a luxurious fabric produced from the cocoon of the silkworm, was the most iconic commodity traded on the Silk Road. Originating in China during the Han Dynasty, silk quickly became a highly prized item in the West. Its light weight, ease of transport, and high value made it a staple of Silk Road commerce. The demand for silk spurred trade relations and cultural exchanges between the East and West, spreading Chinese inventions such as paper and gunpowder along the way. Horses Horses were another crucial trade item, especially prized by the Chinese for their military and agricultural utility. The Fergana horses, known for their strength and endurance, were particularly sought after. These horses, traded primarily with Central Asian tribes, significantly improved the cavalry capabilities of Chinese armies and facilitated the movement of goods along the Silk Road. Tea Trade Tea, originating from China, became a major export commodity during the Tang Dynasty. It was highly valued for its medicinal properties and became a popular beverage in Central Asia and beyond. The trade of tea along the Silk Road helped to establish cultural connections and the spread of tea culture to places such as Japan and the Middle East. The Travels of Marco Polo Marco Polo, the Venetian explorer, traveled the Silk Road in the 13th century. His journey began in 1271, when he accompanied his father and uncle on a voyage to Asia, eventually reaching the court of Kublai Khan, the Mongol ruler. Marco Polo spent 17 years in China, documenting his experiences in his book "The Travels of Marco Polo." His detailed accounts of the wealth, culture, and innovations of the East provided Europeans with one of the first comprehensive insights into Asian civilizations and spurred interest in exploration and trade. Impact on Sea Exploration and Colonization The Silk Road's decline in the 15th century, due in part to the rise of maritime trade routes, marked a shift in global commerce. European powers, motivated by the wealth and tales from the Silk Road, sought direct sea routes to Asia to bypass intermediaries and gain control over lucrative trade. This led to the Age of Exploration, during which explorers like Vasco da Gama and Christopher Columbus set out to discover new trade routes and lands. Portugal and Spain were at the forefront of this maritime expansion. Vasco da Gama's successful voyage to India in 1498 opened up a direct sea route from Europe to Asia, leading to increased trade and the establishment of colonial empires. Columbus's voyages, sponsored by Spain, led to the discovery of the Americas in 1492, further expanding European influence and colonization efforts. The maritime Silk Road, established by these explorers, connected Europe, Africa, and Asia, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures on an unprecedented scale. This era of sea exploration and colonization transformed global trade networks and laid the foundations for the modern world economy. Conclusion The Silk Road was more than just a trade route; it was a conduit for cultural, technological, and intellectual exchange that shaped the ancient world. From the trade of silk, horses, and tea to the travels of Marco Polo, the Silk Road's legacy is profound. Its influence on sea exploration and colonization further underscores its importance in global history. Exploring the history of the Silk Road offers a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness of human civilizations and the enduring impact of ancient trade routes.

The contrast with the West, that has no ambition and is merely focused on retaining its empires, is stark. With Lee Barrett in GuangZhou ...

A citrus fruit native to east asia that is related to the grapefruit. With DianXi XiaoGe ... Bonus film - the versatile Chinese onion ...

The REAL geopolitics one must understand. With Michael Hudson ...

With Wei's Travel ...

YuánMíngYuán was the original Summer Palace in BeiJing and sometimes referred to as the 'Old Summer Palace'. YuanMingYuan lies 8 kilometers (5 miles) northwest of central Beijing, close to the (new) Summer Palace (YíHéYuán 颐和园). It was constructed during the 18th and early 19th centuries and was a wonderland of lakes and waterways, bridges, hills and pavilions. There were originally towers, terraces, pavilions, halls, corridors, pagodas and bridges with a total construction area of 150,000 square meters. Artisans were recruited from all over China to enact the exquisite settings. Many of the 160 scenic spots were reproductions of famous mountains, rivers and famous gardens in China. The various styles of architecture, standing encircled by hills and streams, presented a most picturesque view. In addition, hundreds of invaluable Chinese art masterpieces and antiquities were stored in the halls, including some unique copies of literary works and collections. YuanMingYuan was, indeed, a veritable museum of garden construction and horticulture. Known to be one of the largest museums in the world, a popular name in China was the 'Garden of Gardens'. In 1860 during the 'Second Opium War', YuanMingYuan was looted then burned down by imperialist British and French troops. So great was the devastation that a new Summer Palace was later built nearby.

With Walk East ... Bonus film - the Singing Sand Dunes of GanSu ... Visitor Guide to Chaka Salt Lake, QingHai Overview Chaka Salt Lake, located in the Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in QingHai Province, is a stunning natural wonder known for its mirror-like reflection of the sky. Often referred to as the "Mirror of the Sky," this salt lake offers breathtaking views and a unique travel experience. Getting There By Air: The nearest airport is CaoJiabao Airport in XiNing, the capital of QingHai Province, located approximately 300 kilometers from Chaka Salt Lake. From the airport, you can take a taxi or a bus to XiNing Railway Station, and then a train or bus to Chaka Town. By Train: You can take a train to Chaka Railway Station, which is well-connected to major cities like XiNing and Lhasa. From the station, you can take a local taxi or shuttle bus to the lake. By Bus: Long-distance buses from XiNing and other cities in QingHai Province can take you to Chaka Town. From there, local buses and taxis are available to reach the lake. Getting Around Walking: The best way to explore Chaka Salt Lake is on foot, allowing you to fully immerse yourself in the stunning scenery and take beautiful photographs. Local Transport: Taxis and shuttle buses are available for traveling to and from different parts of the lake area. Main Attractions Mirror Reflection The most famous feature of Chaka Salt Lake is its mirror-like surface, which perfectly reflects the sky and surrounding mountains. The best time to see this phenomenon is on a clear day, especially during sunrise and sunset when the colors are most vibrant. Salt Sculptures The lake is surrounded by fascinating salt sculptures, created both naturally and by local artists. These sculptures add an artistic touch to the already stunning landscape. Chaka Salt Lake Scenic Area The scenic area offers well-maintained walkways, viewing platforms, and resting spots for visitors. It's a great place to take a leisurely stroll and enjoy the natural beauty of the lake. Train Rides A narrow-gauge tourist train runs along the edge of the lake, offering a unique perspective and a convenient way to see more of the area. The train ride is especially popular among families and photographers. Stargazing Due to its high altitude and clear skies, Chaka Salt Lake is an excellent location for stargazing. On a clear night, you can see a breathtaking display of stars, making it a popular spot for astronomy enthusiasts. Local Cuisine While visiting Chaka Salt Lake, you can enjoy a variety of local and regional dishes. Here are some recommendations: Lamb Dishes: The region is known for its high-quality lamb, which is used in various dishes such as roasted lamb, lamb hotpot, and lamb kebabs. QingHai Yogurt: Made from yak milk, QingHai yogurt is thick, creamy, and slightly tangy. It is often served with honey or sugar. Tibetan Cuisine: Enjoy traditional Tibetan dishes such as tsampa (roasted barley flour), yak butter tea, and momos (dumplings). Shopping Salt Products: Chaka Salt Lake is a major producer of salt, and you can purchase various salt products, including salt crystals, salt lamps, and bath salts. Local Handicrafts: Explore shops for traditional Tibetan and Mongolian handicrafts, such as jewelry, textiles, and wooden carvings. Specialty Foods: Purchase local specialties such as dried yak meat, yak cheese, and Tibetan pastries. Accommodation Hotels: Chaka Town offers several hotels and guesthouses catering to different budgets, providing comfortable accommodations and easy access to the lake. Eco-Lodges: For a more unique experience, consider staying in an eco-lodge or yurt near the lake, which offers stunning views and a closer connection to nature. Historical Background of Chaka Salt Lake Chaka Salt Lake has a history of salt production dating back over 3,000 years. The lake's salt has been an essential resource for local communities, providing economic support and playing a crucial role in daily life. The name "Chaka" means "salt lake" in Tibetan, reflecting the area's significance in Tibetan culture. The lake has also been an important stop on the ancient Tea Horse Road, a trade route that connected China with Tibet and other regions. In recent years, Chaka Salt Lake has developed into a major tourist destination, attracting visitors with its unique natural beauty and mirror-like reflections. The local government has invested in infrastructure and facilities to enhance the visitor experience while preserving the lake's natural environment. Tips for Visitors Best Time to Visit: The best times to visit Chaka Salt Lake are summer (June to August) and autumn (September to October) when the weather is mild and the lake's reflections are most impressive. Clothing: Wear comfortable walking shoes and dress in layers to accommodate changing temperatures. Sun protection, such as hats and sunscreen, is also recommended. Respect Local Customs: Be respectful of local customs and traditions, especially when visiting nearby Tibetan and Mongolian communities. Language: While Mandarin is widely spoken, learning a few basic phrases or using a translation app can be very helpful. Plan Your Visit: Chaka Salt Lake is best explored at a leisurely pace. Take your time to enjoy the stunning views, visit local attractions, and savor the local cuisine. Conclusion Chaka Salt Lake, with its breathtaking mirror reflections, unique salt sculptures, and rich cultural heritage, offers a one-of-a-kind travel experience. Whether you're exploring the scenic area, enjoying local cuisine, or stargazing under the clear night sky, Chaka Salt Lake provides a serene and memorable escape. Plan your visit carefully to make the most of your trip to this stunning destination in QingHai Province.