NanShan ZhuHai 南山竹海 (South Hill Bamboo Sea), near LiYang, JiangSu province

Sticker Travel visit 798 at DaShanZi on the outskirts of north east Beijing ...

With Cyrus Janssen ... Comment by Gustavo Andrés ... There is an overwhelming assumption in the West that China’s Achilles heel is the state: that it lacks legitimacy. This is the underlying reason why Westerners believe that China’s transformation is unsustainable: that the political system cannot survive. It would be wrong to suggest that attitudes have not shifted: the endurance of the reform period, now over 35 years old, and the scale of its achievement have bred a growing if still grudging respect, and a less apocalyptic view of Chinese political change. Few now regard it to be imminent and many have extended their time horizons somewhat into the future. Nevertheless, most Westerners still regard China’s present political order as lacking legitimacy and as ultimately unsustainable. In the post 1945 period, Westerners have come to believe that Western-style democracy – essentially universal suffrage and a multi-party system – is more or less the sole source of a government’s legitimacy. This is a superficial and ahistorical position. Western-style democracy does not ensure the legitimacy of a regime in the eyes of its people: Italy is perhaps the classic example, with successive governments over a long historical period experiencing a chronic lack of legitimacy. And what of China? Although it does not have Western-style democracy, there is plenty of evidence – for example the Pew Global Attitude surveys and the work of Tony Saich at the Harvard Kennedy School – that the Chinese government enjoys high levels of support and legitimacy, much higher indeed than those of Western governments. How do we explain this? Clearly the reason is not Western-style democracy because China has not chosen this path. The late Lucian W. Pye, in his book ‘Asian Power and Politics’, argues that Western scholars have, in their understanding of politics, prioritised political systems over political cultures: Pye argues, correctly in my view, that the opposite is the case. His insight is highly relevant to the Chinese case. The relationship between the state and society in China is very different from that which characterises Western societies. There are three key elements. First, China is primarily a civilization-state rather than a nation-state, with the overriding and extremely difficult age-old task of government being to maintain the unity of China and its civilization. This has lent the state an enduring authority, importance and centrality in China that is very different from the Western nation-state tradition. The state is intrinsic to China in a way that this is not true in Western societies: they are, in effect, in large degree synonymous. Furthermore the Chinese regard the state in some degree as an expression and extension of themselves. Second, whereas in Western societies the state is seen in an instrumentalist and utilitarian way – in other words, what will it do for me? – in China, following from the Confucian tradition and the idea that the Emperor should model himself on the father’s role as the head of the family, the state is perceived in a familial way, whence the expression ‘nation-family’, or the idea of China as an extended family. Or, to put it another way, in Western societies the state is viewed as an external and somewhat artificial construct, for the Chinese it is an intimate. Third, a much higher premium is placed on the efficiency and efficacy of the state than in the West, whence the importance of meritocracy in the recruitment of public servants. In the West, discussion about the state largely revolves around the manner by which the government is selected, in China, by way of contrast, the competence of the state assumes priority. Fourthly, following from the previous point, the state is expected and required to deliver in China. Over the last few decades, of course, it has presided over and masterminded a huge transformation, the most remarkable in modern economic history. The contrast between the performance of the Chinese and Western economies is manifest. In summary, the relationship between the state and society in China and the West is profoundly different and the reasons lie in the historical and cultural differences between them. They can and should learn from each other but they will remain distinct. So what of the future? As I mentioned at the outset, it is axiomatic in the West that sooner or later China will face a crisis of governance that will result in profound reform along Western lines. In reality, it seems far more likely that the crisis of governance will occur in the West than China. The United States and Europe are in decline and, as a consequence, their ruling elites and political systems are already suffering from declining legitimacy and authority, a process that is likely to continue. China, in contrast, is a rising power whose ruling elite is likely to enjoy growing status and prestige as a consequence. China, though, faces its own kind of governance challenge. The country is changing at extraordinary speed. If one thinks of how the life of an ordinary person has changed over the course of the last three decades, then this is a measure of how everything else, including political rule, must also change in order to survive. Of course, transparency, representivity and accountability have been transformed since Mao’s death, but this is a dynamic process and arguably the greatest changes still lie in the future. It is not that China needs to or should change its system – it has stood the test of time and managed to stay abreast of and lead the wider transformations – but, this notwithstanding, more profound ways must be found to modernise the political system and its institutions if they are to meet the demands and expectations of a very different society.

With Beijing Old Liu ... Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village Visitor Guide Overview Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village, located in Leishan County, Guizhou Province, is the largest Miao village in China and is often referred to as the "Thousand Household Miao Village." This picturesque village is known for its well-preserved traditional Miao architecture, vibrant cultural heritage, and stunning natural scenery. It offers a unique glimpse into the life and traditions of the Miao people. History and Culture The Miao people are one of China's 56 ethnic minorities, with a history that dates back over 2,000 years. Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village is a living museum of Miao culture, where visitors can experience traditional Miao customs, clothing, music, and dance. The village is known for its grand festivals, including the Lusheng Festival, the Miao New Year, and the Sisters' Meal Festival, which feature elaborate costumes, folk dances, and traditional music performances. Main Attractions Miao Ethnic Museum The Miao Ethnic Museum offers a comprehensive look at the history, culture, and traditions of the Miao people. Exhibits include traditional clothing, silver ornaments, musical instruments, and artifacts from daily life. Traditional Miao Architecture The village is renowned for its traditional stilt houses, known as "Diaojiaolou," which are built on wooden stilts and feature intricate wooden carvings. Walking through the village, visitors can admire these unique structures and learn about their construction and significance. Folk Performances Daily folk performances in the village square showcase traditional Miao music and dance. These performances are an excellent way to experience the vibrant cultural heritage of the Miao people. Festival Celebrations Visiting during one of the major festivals, such as the Miao New Year or the Sisters' Meal Festival, provides a deeper insight into Miao culture. These festivals feature colorful parades, traditional music, and elaborate dances, making them a highlight of any visit. Outdoor Activities Hiking and Nature Walks The surrounding hills and rice terraces offer excellent opportunities for hiking and nature walks. The scenic trails provide panoramic views of the village and the lush countryside, making it a paradise for nature lovers and photographers. Exploring Rice Terraces The rice terraces around Xijiang are a testament to the agricultural ingenuity of the Miao people. Visitors can explore these terraced fields, which change colors with the seasons and offer stunning photographic opportunities. Local Cuisine Miao cuisine is known for its bold flavors and use of local ingredients. Some must-try dishes include sour fish soup, sticky rice cakes, and various pickled vegetables. Many local restaurants and street vendors offer authentic Miao food, providing a true taste of the region. Accommodation Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village offers a range of accommodation options, from traditional Miao-style guesthouses to modern hotels. Staying in a local guesthouse provides a more immersive experience, allowing visitors to enjoy Miao hospitality and learn more about their way of life. Travel Tips Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is mild, and the rice terraces are most picturesque. Getting There: The village is accessible by bus from Kaili City, which is connected to major cities like Guiyang by train and bus. Respect Local Customs: When visiting, be respectful of local customs and traditions. Ask for permission before taking photos of people, especially during festivals and ceremonies. Pack Accordingly: Bring comfortable walking shoes for exploring the village and surrounding areas. A light jacket is recommended for the evenings, as temperatures can drop.

Modern China, center of business and commerce, began here, in GuangDong province, south east China, just forty years ago, following the vision and effort of Deng XiaoPing (1904 - 1997). Deng XiaoPing opened China to the world, as it had been during the long period of a prior golden age with the Silk Road to the Middle East and Europe (by land) and other parts of south east Asia and as far as Africa via the Silk Road of the Sea. His policies are credited with helping China to develop in the most startling transformation that the world has ever seen, raising the standard of living of hundreds of millions. This followed his Southern Tour of 1992 when the likelihood of adoption of his vision still looked slim. Deng was also a key player in the return of Hong Kong to China in 1997. Too far. some might say, but without this move, the position to debate that would not now exist. Let's take a stroll along a street in the downtown on a spring evening ...

With CGTN ...

GuiYang city, GuiZhou province, China. GuiZhou borders GuangXi to the south, YunNan to the west, SiChuan to the northwest, the municipality of ChongQing to the north, and HuNan to the east, making it a central location in some of China's most picturesque scenery ... Bonus film - XiaSi ancient town, KaiLi City, GuiZhou province ...

In AnHui province.

Nestled on a remote hillside in JiangXi province, it is part of the natural landscape and a haven of a simpler life ... Bonus films ...

With Jerry Goode ... Bonus film - "I spent a day delivering packages in China, what can we learn about China's Advanced Logistics?" with Jerry Kowal 我是郭杰瑞 ...